Inter Connected Power System

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
B. E. SEMESTER: VII
Subject Name: Inter Connected Power System

1. Introduction:
Concept of Interconnection, Hierarchical Grid arrangements, Cascade Tripping,
Islanding, Load dispatch centre
04
2. Power system matrices
Brief explanation of Graph theory, Primitive Network, Ybus formation methods,
Singular transformation method, Direct method, Algorithm for formation of Zbus,
Addition branch and link, Removal of elements, Numerical
08
3. Load flow studies
Introduction, Static Load Flow Equations, Bus Classifications, Approximate
method, Gauss-Seidel Method, Newton Raphson Method, Fast Decoupled Load
Flow Method, Comparison of different methods, Numerical
10
4. Economic operation of power systems
Generator operating cost, Economic operation of generators within thermal
plant, Optimal operation by co-ordination equation, Penalty factor, Derivation of
transmission loss formula (Kron’s method), Unit commitment problem solution by
dynamic programming, Numerical
04
5. Frequency and voltage control methods
Speed governing mechanism, Mathematical modelling, Adjustment of Governor
characteristics, Single area control, Flat frequency control, Selective frequency
control, Tie line load bias control, Methods of voltage control, Numerical
06

6. Power system stability
Introduction, Classification of stability studies, concept of load angle and infinite
bus, Power angle curve, Swing equation, Solution of swing equation, Steady
state stability analysis, Methods of improving Steady state stability , Transient
stability analysis, step by step method, Methods of improving Transient
stability, Equal area criteria, Single Machine infinite bus stability studies,
Numerical
10

Reference Books:
1. Modern Power System Analysis by D. P. Kothari &I. J. Nagrath, Tata- McGraw-
Hill
2. Power System Analysis by John J. Grainger & Jr. Stevenson, Mcgraw-Hill
Power System Analysis by Hadi Saadat, Tata-McGraw-Hill
3. Electrical Power Systems by C. L. Wadhwa, New Age International
4. Power System Analysis by T. K. Nagsarkar & M. S. Sukhija, Oxford University
Press